Miniature Forests: A Moss Garden at the Cibodas Botanical Garden, West Java, Indonesia
Bryophytes play an important ecological role as well as contain interesting biochemical compounds that have significant biological properties. Bryophytes refer to three independent plant lineages, of which approximately 8-12,000 are the Bryophyta (mosses), 6-9000 are Marchantiophyta (liverworts), and ca. 200 are Anthocerotophyta (hornworts). Indonesia has more than 2,700 species of bryophytes which are scattered in the major islands such as Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and Celebes (Retnowati & Rugayah 2019). Nowadays, due to climate change, pollution, the loss and deterioration of natural habitats, as well as invasive alien species, bryophytes face serious threats (Hallingbäck & Tan, 2010), including in biodiversity hotspots such as Indonesia. Botanical gardens play a vital role as an ex-situ conservation institution and are a living repository of plant diversity in the world. There are 3,686 botanical institutions in the GardenSearch database of Botanic Gardens Conservation Internat